Hadhwanaag
Howlgal muhiim ah oo lagu tallaalayo dhammaanba xoolaha Kenya ayaa lagu wadaa inuu toddobaadkan dhexdiisa furmo xilli diidmo xooggan ay ka imaaneyso beeralleyda oo aaminsan khuraafaad marin-habaabin ah oo ku saabsan tallaalka.
Waxba uguma kacayso beeralleyda in xoolahooda la tallaalo iyadoo dowladdu ay sheegeyso inay bixineyso kharashaadka ku baxaya.
Balse Robert Nkukuu, oo lo' ku dhaqda deegaanka Mai Mahiu ee magaalada Nakuru – oo qiyaastii 50km (30 meyl) waqooyi-galbeed ka xigta caasimadda, Nairobi, ayaa sharraxay sida arrin sumeysan ay u noqotay tan iyo markii Madaxweyne William Ruto u uku dhawaaqay qorshaha bishii November.
"Haddii bulshada halkan ay ogaadaan inaad tallaalka taageersan tahay way ku dhibaateynayaan. Marka jooji ka hadalkeeda, ma dooneyno," ayuu u sheegay BBC.
Ujeeddada dowladda ayaa ah in la tallaalo ugu yaraan 22 milyan oo lo' ah iyo 50 milyan oo ari iyo ido ah muddo saddex sano gudahood ah.
Haatan keliya 10% xoolaha dalka ayaa hela tallaalka ay u baahan yihiin dowladda ayaana sheegeysa inay doonayan inay kordhiyaan oo ka dhigaan ilaa 85% si manaafacaadka xoolaha Kenya looga dhigo kuwo la dhoofin karo.
Madaxweynaha, oo qudhiisa beer leh isla markaana xoolo badan leh, ayaa sheegay in tallaalku muhiim u yahay xoolaha iyadoo lagu xakameynayo xanuunka cabeebka ee lo'da ku dhaca iyo kuwa ariga iyo idaha ku dhaca.
Balse qaar ka mid ah kuwa kasoo horjeeda barnaamijka ayaa aaminsan in aasaasaha shirkadda Microsoft Bill Gates uu maal-gelinayo, waxaana arrintan dabka usii huriyay dad soo wadaagaya muuqaallada wareysiyo uu kaga hadlayay tallaalka lo'da si loo xakameeyo gaaska methane ee hawada lagu sii daayo.
Gaaska methane ee marka xoolaha la afuufo kasoo baxa iyo dhuusadooda ayaa 15% ka mid ah gaaska hawada lagu sii daayo guud ahaan dunida sanad kasta, sida ay muujineyso qiyaasta QM. Waa kan ugu caansan nooca gaaska aan la cusbooneysiin karin marka laga soo tago carbon dioxide (CO2).
Jonathan Mueke, oo ah sarkaal sare oo ka tirsan wasaaradda beeraha Kenya, ayaa beeniyay in Gates uu ku lug leeyahay barnaamijka tallaalka xoolaha - isagoo intaa ku daray in bilyaneerka Mareykanka iyo cid kale oo shisheeya ahba aysan maalgelin ku sameyn.
Balse tan ma aysan joojin fakradaha shirqoolka ee la isla dhex marayo baraha bulshada, oo aalaaba ay soo gudbiyaan dad caan ah.
Caleb Karuga, oo ah weriye hore haatanna ah xoolo-dhaqde saameyn leh, ayaa barta X kusoo wadaagay inuu ka hor imaan doono tallaalka, isagoo sheegay in cidna aysan xoolihiisa tallaali doonin "sababtoo ah inuu Bill Gates sidaa yiri."
Ledama Olekina, oo ah sanatarmucaarad ah iyo xoolo-dhaqde caan ah oo qowmiyadda Maasai ka tirsan, ayaa barta X kusoo qoray: "Waxaa [jira] malaayiin lo' ah oo Yurub iyi Ameerika ku nool midkoodna looma tallaalo neefta kasoo baxda … teyda lama tallaali doono."
Gates ayaa hore u maal-geliyay mashaariic lagu yareynayo gaarka methane ee lo'da kasoo baxa wuxuuna maalgelinayaa shirkad Mareykanka fadhigeedu yahay oo dooneysa soo saaridda tallaalka, si la mid ah maalgashadeyaal kale oo Mareykan ah.
Balse Prof Ermias Kebreab oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda California, Davis oo Mareykanka jooga, oo baaritaan ku sameeyay sida loo yareeyo gaaska meshane ee xoolaha kasoo baxa, ayaa BBC u sheegay in haatan uusan jirin tallaal xoolaha ah oo lagu yareynayo gaaska metahne.
"Waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan mid heysanno balse weli horumarin buu ku jiraa - midna weli ma gaarin [marxaladda] in lagu tijaabiyo xoolaha," ayuu yiri.
Si kastaba, xaqiijinta sidan oo kale wax badan kama beddelin faham-darrada laga qabo ujeeddooyinka ka dambeeya ololaha tallaalka.
Aaminaad-darrada ayaa waxaa riixaya qaar ka mid ah siyaasiyiinta mucaaradka ah, kuwaas oo sheegay in tallaalka uu la falgeli doono hiddo-sidayaasha xoolaha, taas oo ay ka dhalan karto in xoolaha dhalanaya ay wax ka khaldamaan.
"Ruto ayaa horumarinaya ajande shisheeye oo shaki leh. Qorshahan waa mid halis ah waana in la joojiyaa," ayuu yiri Kalonzo Musyoka, oo ah hoggaamiye mucaarad ah, muddo aan ka fogeyn marka barnaamijka lagu dhawaaqay.
Markii BBC ay Musyoka wax ka weydiisay sheegashooyinka gaarka ah ee tallaalka inay dhib u keeni karaan lo'da, afhayeenkiisa ayaa sheegay in ololaha tallaalka uu "carqalad ku yahay dastuurka".
Wuxuu intaa ku daray inay "ku hareereysan yihiin sir" dowladduna aysan faahfaahin ka bixin maal-gelinta, hirgelinta amaba xogaha teknolojiyadeed ee tallaalka.
Soo jeedinta ah in tallaalka xoolaha uu isbeddel hiddo-side ku keeni doono xoolaha ayaa ah mid marin-habaabin ah, sida uu sheegay Prof Ermias.
"Waxay aad ugu ektahay dadka qaadanaya tallaalka lagula dagaallamo xanuunnada kala duwan. Ma jiro war sheegaya inuu sababo curyaannimo amaba uu la falgalo DNA," ayuu aqoon-yahanka u sheegay BBC.
Madaxweyne Ruto ayaa aragtiyaha kuwa kasoo horjeeda tallaalka ku sheegay "inay keliya yihiin kuwo la marin-habaabiyay oo aan wax sabab ah loo heyn".
"Dhammaaneen kuwa la tallaalay, ma cid bay dhuusada ka joogsatay?" ayuu Ruto yiri isagoo sheegashooyinka methane ku tilmaamay kuwo "aan micno lahayn".
Haddana falanqeeyeyaasha ayaa sheegaya in faafitaanka fakradaha noocan ee shirqoolka lala xiriirinayo xiriir xumo ka timid Ruto qudhiisa iyo sidoo kale aaminaad-darro lagu qabo dowladdiisa kadib dibadbaxyadii canshuuraha looga soo horjeeday sanadkii hore iyo dhowr fadeexado musuqmaasuq ah.
Dowladda ayaa wajahday cambaareyn ballaaran oo ku aaddan kordhinta canshuuraha tan iyo markii Ruto uu madaxweyne noqday sanadkii 2022. Bishii June ee lasoo dhaafay waxaa lagu qasbay inay ka laabato sharciga lagu murmay ee dhaqaalaha kaasoo canshuur kordhin badan ay ku jirtay.
Wasiirka Beeraha Mutahi Kagwe ayaa doonaya inuu cid walba uu u xaqiijiyo in howshan ay noqon doonto mid mutadawacnimo ah wuxuuna ka codsaday in dhammaanba loo howlgalo "si loo daweeyo been-abuurka" ku hareereysan arrinta.
Dowladda ayaa sidoo kale dadweynaha u xaqiijineysa in tallaalka lagu soo saaray gudaha dalka.
Balse beeralleyda qaar ayaa weli wacad ku maraya inay ka hor imaan doonaan damaca tallaalka, iyagoo u aaneynaya suurto-galnimada in farogelin shisheeye ay ku jiraan iyo aaminaad darro dowladda lagu qabo.
David Tiriki, oo ah xoolo-dhaqde ku nool deegaanka Kajiado, koofurta Nairobi, ayaa BBC u sheegay inuusan oggolaan doonin in xoolihiisa la tallaalo, isagoo u aaneynaya cabsi dhanka ammaanka aj.
bbc/somali
