Habka Dawladnimo Ee Maraykanka Iyo Shiinaha Kee Guulaysan Doona? Maxaase Inaga Ka Baran Karnaa?

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Saturday October 19, 2019 - 11:40:19 in Articles by Hadhwanaag News
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    Habka Dawladnimo Ee Maraykanka Iyo Shiinaha Kee Guulaysan Doona? Maxaase Inaga Ka Baran Karnaa?

    Waxaan maalin dhawayd dhagaystay qudbad uu hay'ada Singapor ee IISS (International Institute for Strategic studies),

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Waxaan maalin dhawayd dhagaystay qudbad uu hay'ada Singapor ee IISS (International Institute for Strategic studies),

uu ka jeediyay Eric X. Li oo ah nin ka mid indheergaradka Shiinaha oo wax ku bartay dalka Maraykanka, lakiin dib ugu noqday dalkiisa.

 

Eric X. Li wuxuu qudbadiisa ku bilaba sadaalin (ama Hypothesis) odhanaysa " dib-u-habaynta (ama reform) waa arin calamka oo dhan laga rabo, qarniga 21 waxaa lagu tartamayaa siddii nidamka dawladnimo loo Reform-garayn lahaa. Dalalka dib-u-habaynta ku samayn kara dawladahooda ayaa tartan ku guulaysanaya, kuwa kalana way saqidayan.  Haddaba, xusbiga shuuciga ah ee Shiinaha ee CCP ayaa waxuu noqondoona midka guushani raacdo. Sida daradeed Qarniga 21 waxaa noqonayaa Qarniga Shiinah.”

 

Haddaba, si sadaashisu ama ‘Hypothesis’ u tageero, waxuu ka hadlay sababta Dimuqradiyada Maraykanku u hana qaadi la’dahay. Waxuu soo xigtay khubaro caana oo buugaag badan ka qoray cilmiga siyaasada (Political Science), khasatan dimuqradiyada.

Khubarada uu soo xigtay waxaa ka mida; Samuel P. Huntington, "Manson Onsom” iyo Francis Fukuyama.


Samuel P. Huntington oo muda dheer daraasad ku sameeyay dawlada xornimada qaatay dagaalka labada ka dib, ahna ninka qoray buug la yidhaa "Political Order in Change Society – ama Awaamirta Siyaasada Bulshada isbadalaysa. Qoraagani waxaa uu alifay kalmada caan baxday oo la yidhaa "political decay” ama Siyaasada caabuqday ama qudhintay.

 

Samuel Huntington waxuu yidhi siyaasadu waxay qudhinta, ooy saqida marka habka dawladu qabatin waydo isbadalada kaga yimada gudaha ama dibada. Marka ay la soo daristo isbadalo, lakiin habka siyaasadeed la jaan qaada kari wayo isbalada, markaa ayuu marxaladu noqota in habka siyaasadeed uu caabuqo ama qudhmo.

 

Khabiirka labaad ee uu soo xigtay waa "Manson Onsom” oo ah qoraa wayn oo arimaha siyaasad buugaag badan ka qoray. Waxuu yidhi habka dimuqradiga wuxuu yeesha kooxo dano gaara leh, oo marba marka ka sii danbeeya sii xoogaysta, ka dibna  af-duuban habka siyaasada. Marka ay halka gadhana sida kaliya la iskaga furfuri karaa waa inqilaab ama faragalin dibadeed.

 

Khabiirka saddexaad, uu soo xigtay waa Francis Fukuyama, oo qoray buuga "Original of Political Order” ama – Asalka awaamidta siyaasada. Iyo "Political order and Political Decay” ama – Awaamirta Siyaasada iyo qudhinka siyaasada.

 

Waxaa uu yidhi ; dawlada casriga ah waxaa u bahan tahay saddex wax: 1) Strong government - Dawlada awood leh 2) Rule Of Law -  Xukun Sharicyo 3) Democratic accountability – Isla xisaabtan dimuqradi ah.  Francis Fukuyama wuxuu yidhi hab dawladnimo si u hirgalo waa inuu helo; is-la xisaabtan (ama accountability). Haddaba waxaa jira laba nooc oo isla-xisaabtan. Mid kor-u-socda (up-ward Accountability) iyo mid hoos-u-socda (down-ward Accountability).

 

Isla-xisaabtanka (kor-u-socta) waa marka qofka shaqaalaha ihi uu ka amar qaato qofka ka-sareeya, kaasina uu ka amar qato ka isag ka  sii sareeya ilaa xidhiidhku gaadho madaxwayna dalka ama maamulaha sharkada. Habkani waa sida dawlada Shiinaha u shaqayso ama sharkadaha gaarka loo leeyahay. Haddaba, Isla-xisaabtanka (hoos-u-socta) waa doorashada shicibku sida tooska ah u dooranayaan qofka. Sida habka dawladnimo ee dalka Maraykanka.

 

Haddaba, labadani nidam, mid kastaba waxuu leeyahay dhaliilo iyo faa’idooyin. Faa’iida Isla-xisaabtanka (kor-u-socota) waxaa ka mida awood fulineed. Waxaad abuuri karta qorshe, kadibna waad fulin kartaa. Taasina waxay tahay in hogamiyihu ama maamuluhu wax kasta ka sareeyo, koox uu u afduuban yahayna ma jirto. Hadaba, dhaliisha nidamkani waxay tahay haddii hogaamiyuhu ama maamulihu aanu waxba garanaynin, ama xog qaldan la siiyo, waxaa uu samaynaya go’aano qaldan. Dhaliishuna nidamkani waxay tahay hogaamiyaha oo xumada ama waxa loogu yeedho BAD EMPEROR, BOQOR XUN, HOGAAMIYE XUN.

 

Faa’iida Isla-xisaabtanka (hoos-u-socota)  waxa ay tahay in xalintu dag daga noqoto. Taasi looga jeedo, haddii hogaamiyaha ama maamulihu qalad sameeyo, mudo kooban 2, 4, 5 sano ayaa lagu badali karaa.

Haddaba, Buugiisa ugu danbeeyay Francis Fukuyama waxuu kaga hadlay wax yaabahan Dib-u-habaynta (ama Reforms-ka)  caqabada ku ah, khasatan dimuqradiga Maraykanka. Eric X. Li waxaa uu soo qatay afar ka mida qodabadani, oo kala ah:

 

1)      Dimuqradiyada iyo waxkasta in si hufan loo bandhigo (Democracy and transparency)

Francis Fukuyama waxaa uu yidhi, dalka Maraykanka waxaa lagu dhiiriya in wax kasta dimuqradiyada iyo hufnaan noqoto. Oo talo kasta laga qayb galiyo dadka, si ay go’aan iyagu uga gaadhan. Waxaa la madoo in wanaagu ku jiro in waxkasta ay dadku loo bandhigo  si ay u kala doortan. Haddab, Francis Fukuyama waxuu ku doodaya in taasi tahay waxa caqabada ku ah dib-u-habayn ama Reform-ka. Waayo, markasta oo qorshe dadka loo bandhigo, kooxaha ka soo horjeeda ayaa fursad ay ku horjoogsadan helaya. Waxaanu ku magacaabay Vetocracy, oo uu uga jeedo, in FEETO - ama DIIDMO. Shiinuhu waxay yidhahdaan; "dad ayaa jira waxba qaban karin, lakiin wax kasto la qabo yidhaa doona in ay joojiyan”

2)      Bulshada Rayidka ah (Civil Society)

Francis Fukuyama waxaa kale uu ku dooday in ay ururada Bulshada Rayidku yihiin meelaha ay ka abqalan kooxa danaha gaarka ah leh. Ururkasta dantiisa gaar ah ayuu ku foogan yahay, taasina waxay xuurto ku qabtaan habka dimiqradiga ah.

3)      Rule of Law (Xukunka sharciga ah)

Xukunka sharci (ama Rule of Law), dalka Maraykanka waxaa uu noqday dal Xukun Maxkamadeed ragaadiyay (ama jurisdictional of government), oo abuura Musuq Masaq sharciyaysan. Xukunka sharci (ama Rule of Law) waa in wax kasta sharci ama xeer loo sameeyo. Qorshana lama fulin karo ilaa sharci loo sameeyan. Tusaale ahaan, haddii WADO la rabo in la sameeyo, waa in marka hore sharci loo sameeyo, laguna qeexo; balaca WADADA, qiimaha, meesha laga hirgalinayo iyo sida loo dhisayo.

Haddaba, marka xeerka la curinayo waa in laga doodo, oo ururada bulshadu iyo kooxa danaya iyo kuwa aan danaynin ka soo qayb galan. Talooyinkoodana lagu lifaaqo xeerka. Haddaba haddiiba uu xeerku sharci noqdo waxuu noqonaya mid kooxaha doonayay WADADANI ay badankoodu ku qanci karaan, sida uu sharciga dhigayana waa in la raaco marka la fulinayo WADADA.

Haddii qorshaha wax yar laga badalo, waxay noqonaysa in sharciga la jabiyo, WAA SHARCI DARO. Haddii dhaqaalaha loogu tago galay uu ka bato,  waa SHARCI DARO. Teeda kale, dadkii marka horeba diidana WADADANI, waxay helayaan fursad ay Maxkamadaha dacway kaga oogan. Haddaba,  sida ayayna WADADANI ama mashruucyo badani u hirgalin.

Badhasabada gobalka California ee lixdameeyadii ilaa hada, waxay qorshaynayeen in ay hirgaliyaan tareenka dheereeya oo isku xidhin doona San Franciso iyo Los Angales oo masafadeedu tahay 383 Mi/616 Km. Haddii la hirgaliyo mashruucani, waxuu noqon doona masada ugu dheer ee dalka Maraykanka ee tareenada dheeraya laga hirgaliyo. Dadku way u-codeeyan in la hirgaliyo mashruucani. Lakiin waxaa ku socota 200 dacwadood ooy ku soo oogen ururada, iyo magaalooyin diidan in mashruucani hirgalo. Haddaba, haddii uu hirgalo waxaa uu ku kacayaa $77 Billion, ama $200 Million Mile-kii. Halka ay Shiinuhu dhiseen masaarad 18,640 Miles/30,00 Km kuna kacday $17 -$21 Million Mile-kii, ayna ku dhiseen mudo ka yar 10 sano.

4)      Xoriyada (Liberty)

Francis Fukuyama waxuu ku dooday in Xoriyada (Liberty) iyo qadarinta gaarka ah (privilege) uu waxbadan u dhaxaynin. Tusaale ahaan, dalka Maraykan qofku waxuu xaq u leeyahau inuu dhaqaalihiisa ku tageero siyaasi (qof) ama siyaasad (policy). Haddaba, lixdameeyadii, sharci ayaa la soo saray lagu xadidayo dhaqaalaha uu qof ku cawin karo ama ku-tageeri karo siyaasi ama siyaasad (policy). Lakiin, dhawr sano ka hore, Maxkamada Sare waxay go’aamisay inuu sharcigasi ka soo horjeedo Dastuurka dalka, iyo xoriyada qofka. Haddii qofku si sharciya ku helay lacagtiisa, xaq ayuu u leeyahay in siyaasiga uu doona ama siyaasada uu doono taageeri karo. Tasina waxay ka dhigan tahay in dadku u sinaydn dawlada, ee qofka lacagta lehi siyaasiga uu dhaqaalihiisa ku tageero uu soo baxi karo, isla markana siyaasada uu rabo hirgalayso. Taasina waxay dadka qaar siinaysa qadarin gaara (ama privilege).

Mudada 65-ka sano ee xusbiga Shiinuhu ee CCP dalkaasi xukumayay, Shiinuhu wuxuu ahaa dal faqiira oo beeralay ah, halka uu iminkana u gudbay dalka labada ee calamka ugu dhaqaalah wayn.

Haddaba, siday ku dhacday, in dal aan dimuqradi ahayn oo haysan nidaamka hantigoosi ah uu  horumar intaa leg u samayo?

Dalka Shiinahu waa dal ilbaxnimo dheer leh. Habka uu ku shaqeeyana Xisbiga CCP waxaa laga soo maan guuriyay falsafada Shiinaha ee Konfushanka (Confucianism). Xisbaga CCP waxuu leeyahay hay’ada (department) soo xula gudida dhexe ee Xusbiga, ama hogamiya yaasha dalka. Hay’adani waxay u shaqaysaa sida mishiinka oo kale. Waxay ka kooban tahay saddex waxood oo kala ah: Bulshada rayidka (Social Organization), Shirkadaha dawlada (State Own enterprises), iyo shaqalaha dawlada (Civil service).

Hay’adani waxay shaqaalaysiiyan ardayda ugu fiican ee Jamacadaha ka qalin jabiya. Ardayduna waxaa ay ka soo bilaaban xaga hoose oo la yidhaa "KUYAN”.  Kadibna waxay ka gudbaan afar jaran jaro, oo la kala ah: FUKE, KE, FUCHU iyo CHU. Haddaba, hawlaha ay dadkani qabtan way kala diwan yihiin. Qaar ayaa ka shaqeeya caafimadka, dhaqaale iyo sharkadaha dawlada. Waxaana loo qaybiya tuulooyinka dalka, si ay hoosta uga soo bilaaban oo u noqdan maamulayaal hoose.

Kuwa ku aflaxa, hay’adani waraysi (ama interview) ayay ka qaada. Waxaa la waraysta maamulayaashooda, waxaa loo kuur gala nalashooda, shaqada ay qabtaan ayaa shacibka ay u shaqeeyan la waydiiya. Kuwa ka gudba jaran jarada afarad, ayaa u gudba labada jaran jaro ee kala ah; FUJU iyo JU, waxanay noqdan saraakiil maamulan degmooyin ay ku nool yihiin malaayiin qof, oo dakhligooduna yahay boqolaal milyuun. Tusaale, sanadkii 2012, waxaa xubin ka ahaa FUKE, iyo KE 900,000 xubnood. Halka ay FUCHU, iyo CHU ka ahaayeen 400,000 xubnood. FUJU iyo JU 40,000 xubnood.

Haddaba, kuwa nasiib koodu siiyo inay ka gudbaan jaran jarada ugu danbaysa ee JU, ee dhawr goor la dalacsiiyo ayaa xubin ka noqda GOLAHA DHEXE EE XUSBIGA. Xubnaha golaha dhexe ee xusbiga CCP waa 2,300 xubnood. Shakhsiga doona inuu xubin ka noqdo waxaa ku qadanaysa 20 ilaa 30 sano.

Eric X. Li waa  nin Shiina ah oo dalkiisa jecel, calamka ka dhaadhicina inuu habka dawladnimo ay qaateen uu ka fiican yahay habka dimuqradiyada ee dalka Marayka.

Mar la waraystay ayaa waxaa la waydiiyay Francis Fukuyama,  waxa uu dalka Shiinuhu horumarka intaa leg u sameeyay mudada gaaban. Waxaanu yidhi "Haddii aad eegto calamka dalalka hore marka ku talaabsaday waxay u badan yihiin dalalka Eeshiyanka-fog ee ku dhaqma falsafada Konfushanka (Confucius). Falsafadani oo kuma-kun sano jirtay waxay dhaqan u leedahay in hogaamiya yaasheeda ku barbaariso inay si cadaalada ku xukuman, dantooda shakhsina ka horaysiiyan danta qaranka.”

Falsafadani waa ta dalalka Japan, South Koriya, Singapore iyo Tawain u horseeday inay horumar xawli ku socda sameeyan, iyaga oo macdan iyo Bitrool toona lahayn.

Haddaba, caqabada dalka Shiinuhu wajahi doona waa mida dalalka ka-taliska ah (authoritarian) oo dhan wajahan oo ah BAD EMPEROR,HOGAN XUN.

Marka uu hogaamiyuhu iyo dhaqaaluhuna fiican yihiin, habkani si fiican ayuu u shaqeeya. Lakiin marka uu hogaamiyu xumado ama dhaqaaluhu xumado habkani ma shaqaynayo. Sida daradeed, habkani waa mid ku meel gadha, oon warin. Haddaba, dalka Shiinahu wuxuu nasiib u helay, hay’ada (ama deparment) shaqo fiican haysa oo soo xusha hogaamiya yaal fiican. Marka laga bilaabo Dan Xiaoping (Dhan Sha-bin), oo ahaa aabaha Shiinaha Cusub iyo Madaxwaynaha hada jooga Xi Jinping (Shi Jaa-Bin) waa hogaamiyaal fiican oo aragti fog leh.

Dan Xiaoping (Dhan Sha-bin) waxuu ahaa hogaamiye runta ku dhaqma (ama pragmatic-ah). Waxuu ahaa hogaamiyaha Shiina calamka u furay, dhiiri galiyay in ay dadkoodu dhaqaalo abuuran. Isla markana, dhiiri galiyay maalgashiga dibada. Hadaba, markii la waydiiyay, Dan Xiaoping habka dawladnimo ee uu dalkiisa laga dhaqmo ayaa wuxuu ku jawaabay "Bisadu inay madaw dahay iyo inay cadahay mihiim ma ah, waxaa mihiima in ay Jiir qabato”. Oo uu uga jeeday, habka dawladnimo eenu qaadanayn inuu Shuuciyad, Hantiwadag, ama Hanti goosada yahay ma ah mihiim, waxaa mihiim habka dawladnimo eenu ku dhaqmaynaa ma tahay mid horumarka ummadaydu u bahan tahay aanu ku gaadhi karno.

Haddaba maxa inaga galay habka dawlada ee Maraykanka iyo Shiinaha? 

Somaliland, sida dalka Maraykanka ayaynu qaadanay habka dimuqradiga ee Madaxwaynaha sida tooska ah loo doorto (Presidential Republic). Sida daradeed, waa in aynu ogaano qaladada uu habkani dawladnimo wajahaan iyo sida looga hortagi karo. Caqabadaha waxa ka mida kooxaha danta gaarka oo afduuba dimuqradiya. Haddaba, kooxa danta gaarka ah ee dalkeena ka jira waxaa ka mida: Oday dhaqameeda, Maal-qabeenada, iyo kooxa xagjirka ah. Hadaba, kooxani waxay wiiqan dimuqradiyada. Haddii aan la xakamayna waxay dawlada dimuqradiyada ee Somaliland ku danbayn doonta halkii dawladii dimuqradiga ahayd ee dalkii aynu isku jirnay ee Somalia ku danbaysay. Mihiimaduna waa in dawlada doorana noqoto mid wanag iyo horumar inoo horseeda. Lakiin aan noqon mid inoo horseeda burbur iyo qax labaad.

Hadaba, sida aynu u soo xulano siyaasiyiinteena ama hogaamiya yaasheena wax badan ayaa ka qaldan, taasina waa mida ina dhaxal siisay wax qabad la’aanta iyo inuu horumarka dalku uu dhutiyo. Sida daradeed, waa in aynu dalka Shiinuhu kaga dayano sida u soo xushaan siyaasiyiintooda ama hogaamiya yaashooda. Waa in siyaasiyiinteena ama hogaamiya yaasheena ku xulano aqoontooda, kartidooda, wayo aragnimada. Waa in ay noqdaan WADAIYIIN jecel dalkooda iyo dadkooda. Haddii aan soo gaabiyo, waana in ay noqdanaan LABEENTA SOMALILAND.

Haddaba, haddii aynu doonayno in dalkeenu mustaqbal yeesho, oo jiilkan iyo jiilasha soo socda helaan dal ayna ka tahriibin, waa in doorashadani la soo xulo mushariixiin Golaha Wakiilada iyo Deganka oo xul ah. Shacabku waa in ayna mar danbe aqbalin in ay huubo kala doorta. Cida soo xulaysa musharaxiintu waa in aynu ka fiirsano, musharaxiinta ay soo xuleen Oday dhaqameed iyo Beelaha waynu ku khasarnay. Sida daradeed, waa in ay xusbiyada siyaasadu soo xulan musharaxiintooda. Haddii Beeluhu soo xulan, waa in xusbiyada u soo gudbiya tiro musharaxiina ooy Beeshu ku kalsoon yihiin, lakiin xulashada kama danbaynta xusiyadu waa in yeeshan.

Teeda kale, Waxaa aynu haysanaa wakhti badan oo aynu ku soo xulano Golaha Guurtidu oo ah LABEENTA SOMALILAND. Waa in aynu ku xulo, AQOONTOODA, WAYO ARAGNIMADOODA, KARTIDOODA. Waa in ay noqdaan INDHEER GARAD JECEL DADKOODA IYO DALKOODA. Golaha guurtidu waa inuu noqdo gole siyaasada ka madax banaan, isla markana gole siyaasiyiinta ku ilaaliya sharciga iyo Dastuurka. Gole dib-u-habayn iyo saxid ku sameyn kara qaladada uu habka dimuqradigu wajahi doono.

SOMALILAND HA NOOLATO!!!!!!!!!!!!

OMAR ABDI YOUSUF   

[email protected]

OAKLAND, CALIFONIA

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